Which Middle East nations have nuclear programmes, and how were they built?

The United States and Saudi Arabia have signed a 30-year nuclear deal that will see Washington help the Gulf kingdom develop a civilian nuclear programme.The deal was sealed on Wednesday when US Energy Secretary Chris Wright and Saudi Energy Minister Abdulaziz bin Salman signed a nuclear cooperation “123 agreement”, which permits US companies to transfer nuclear technology abroad. The US signs such deals under Section 123 of its Atomic Energy Act, which is why country-specific nuclear deals are known as 123 agreements.Recommended Stories list of 4 itemslist 1 of 4Proposed US-Saudi nuclear energy deal: What we know so farlist 2 of 4US and Saudi Arabia announce nuclear cooperation deallist 3 of 4Saudi Arabia and US agree to landmark nuclear deal for civilian purposeslist 4 of 4Germany’s Merz hails nuclear deterrence cooperation with Franceend of listMuch of what the Saudi deal entails is unknown for now, even as some analysts have raised concerns about whether it has strong enough guardrails to prevent a nuclear arms race in an already volatile Middle East.The US and Saudi Arabia are signatories to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT). However, the Internation...