Mozambique's ruling party, which has been in power for almost five decades, is expected to hold onto power as voters cast their ballots against a backdrop of high poverty levels and jihadist violence in the north of the country.
Voters in Mozambique cast their ballots Wednesday for a new president and parliament, with the Frelimo party that has ruled for 49 years expected to hold on to power.
Polling stations started closing at 18:00 local time (1600 GMT) after a tense day, with one of the main opposition candidates already warning against fraud.
The southern African nation has been plagued by high levels of poverty and jihadist violence in the north.
Outgoing President Filipe Nyusi, 65, who is stepping down after a two-term limit, was among the first to cast a ballot, calling for calm and patience before initial results are due in about two weeks.
"I would also ask that no group of citizens agitates or threatens others, that everything happens in peace and tranquillity and that we avoid announcing the results ahead of time," Nyusi said.
After casting his vote, opposition candidate Venancio Mondlane was critical about the process, describing the electoral commission as "corrupt people, crooks, scoundrels."
"People are not going to accept this kind of theft, this kind of shamelessness, this kind of electoral banditry," Mondlane told reporters outside a polling station.
Popular among young voters, Mondlane was until June part of the main opposition party Renamo before joining the smaller Optimistic Party for the Development of Mozambique (Podemos).
The last presidential election in 2019, in which Frelimo won with 73 percent of votes, was marred by irregularities, while municipal elections in 2023 ended up in violence after results were contested by the opposition.
'We need change'
While analysts said they doubted the election would bring much change to the impoverished country, this is what many voters were hoping for.
"Mozambique is ready for a change," said Elchrisio, a 25-year-old student who gave only his first name and was queuing at a polling station in Maputo.
"We need to elect somebody who has the capacity to rule the country," he told AFP.
Participation in the last presidential election was around 50 percent and experts were expecting a similar turnout this year.
In addition to a new president, Mozambicans are voting for 10 governors and 250 members of parliament.
Forest engineer Gisela Guambe, 42, who travelled 1,700 kilometres (about 1,000 miles) to vote said she wanted parliament to "change".
"There is not enough debate in parliament now. The opposition needs a different presence," she said.
But analysts warned that change was unlikely.
"Nothing is going to change," said Domingos Do Rosario, a political science lecturer at Maputo's Eduardo Mondlane University, pointing to weak institutions and rife political bargaining.
The electoral commission "is a joke", he told AFP ahead of polling day.
"It manufactures voters," said Do Rosario, expressing doubt over the body's claim to have registered 17 million voters from a largely young population of 33 million.
Generational change
The Frelimo candidate to replace Nyusi is the relatively unknown provincial governor, 47-year-old Daniel Chapo, who also called for calm after he cast his ballot.
His election would mark a generational change: he would be the first Mozambican president born after independence from Portugal in 1975 and the first not to have fought in the devastating 16-year civil war between Frelimo and Renamo.
The two other candidates are Ossufo Momade, 63, of the Renamo party, and Lutero Simango, 64, of the Mozambique Democratic Movement.
Simango is also an outspoken critic of Frelimo, whose leaders he describes as "thieves dressed in red", the party's colour.
After casting his vote, Ossufo called on the "decision of the people to be respected."
More than 74 percent of Mozambique's population lived in poverty in 2023, according to the African Development Bank.
The country had hoped for an economic boost from the discovery in 2010 of vast gas deposits in the north but jihadist violence in the northernmost Cabo Delgado province led ExxonMobil and TotalEnergies to suspend their projects.
The economy will need to be a priority for the government, said Aleix Montana, an analyst at the UK-based consultancy Verisk Maplecroft.
"The new president of Mozambique will have to tackle high levels of public debt and weak revenue inflows, as key energy projects continue to suffer delays due to the insurgency in Cabo Delgado," he said.
(AFP)
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